Every surgical procedure, including ophthalmic surgery, requires thorough preparation. One of the most important steps before eye surgery is the preoperative examination. This is a comprehensive set of tests designed to identify all possible risks, optimize the surgical plan, and ensure the maximum safety of the patient as well as the success of the operation itself.
What is the purpose of the preoperative examination?
Be aware, it is not just a formality! It is an important process aimed at obtaining the most detailed overview of the patient’s health, especially from the perspective of their eyes. The examination results help doctors correctly plan the procedure and timely identify possible complications that could affect the course of the surgery and the recovery afterward.
When is it performed?
This type of examination is necessary before every planned procedure—whether it is cataract surgery, glaucoma treatments, retinal surgeries, or even cosmetic surgeries such as eyelid or eyelash procedures or other oculoplastic surgeries. It precedes the actual surgery date and is often a prerequisite for the surgery to take place.
How is it conducted and what does it consist of?
The preoperative examination before eye surgery consists of two parts: an internal preoperative examination and a specialized ophthalmologic examination.
Internal preoperative examination
This part is performed by an internist or general practitioner. It includes:
- Blood count and biochemical parameters analysis (e.g., blood sugar level, kidney function),
- Urine test,
- ECG,
- Chest X-ray if necessary.
These results provide doctors with an overview of the patient’s overall health and any chronic illnesses that could influence the surgery’s course or cause potential complications during the operation.
Ophthalmologic preoperative examination
At the eye center, a specific examination focused on the detailed condition of the eye and surgical planning takes place. It includes:
- Visual acuity test (refraction),
- Intraocular pressure measurement (tonometry),
- Pachymetry (corneal thickness measurement),
- Biomicroscopy of the eye’s anterior segment,
- Fundus examination (fundoscopy),
- Biometric measurements for selecting the appropriate lens (for cataract surgery),
- Corneal topography (especially if astigmatism is present),
- OCT examination of the retina and optic nerve, if indicated.
In some cases, additional tests may be added depending on the planned procedure—for example, endothelial microscopy to assess corneal health or special blood clotting tests for cosmetic procedures.
Importance of the preoperative examination
A well-conducted preoperative examination significantly reduces the risk of complications during and after surgery. It helps the surgeon precisely plan every step of the procedure while allowing an individualized approach for each patient. This greatly increases the chances of a successful outcome and patient satisfaction.
What should the patient know?
The patient should come to the preoperative examination with complete medical documentation, including a list of current medications and information about any chronic diseases (e.g., high blood pressure, diabetes, heart conditions). It is advisable to bring results of any previous tests if available. After the examination, the doctor will assess whether the patient is suitable for surgery and determine the best approach. In some cases, surgery may be postponed if risk factors are found that need to be stabilized or treated first.
Although the preoperative examination may seem lengthy to the patient, it is actually a crucial step that significantly influences the safety and success of the surgery. A thorough preoperative examination protects their health and reduces risks. If you are preparing for an eye procedure—do not forget the complete internal and ophthalmologic preoperative examinations. They will help ensure a smooth operation and a satisfactory result—sharp and healthy vision.